Managing soil fertility for organic production of paddy increased The biological management of soil fertility in paddy production and income generation IMPROVED cost AS achieved in some paddy fields in model ORISSA
AK Panigrahix1, TR Sahoox2, HS Beherax3 and NK Swainx4
SUMMARY:
Green Revolution was introduced in the country in the sixties to meet the demand for food and add cereal cultivation in Rabi. The consequences of this revolution is extremely disastrous. The humus devoid lost its ability to retain water, pests have developed resistance against pesticides extraordinary. Indian paddy fields are almost by adding about 37.8 metric tons of methane, a greenhouse gas into the atmosphere. The Food and groundwater contaminated by pesticides.
The deterioration of the Environment, Food and contamination of water requires a paradigm shift from chemical to organic farming. With the increasing demand for food, diminishing arable land fund and the exodus of agrarian communities from villages to cities to give up farming, organic farming is not enough. The new technique developed is known as sustainable agriculture, where soil fertility, crop yields and pest control are supported with the protection of the environment. This method of agriculture is in harmony with nature. The article examines three ex situ experiments, where the issues mentioned above are discussed and the benefit-cost ratio and make the lights in sustainable agriculture.
INTRODUCTION
More than six decades, Sir Albert Howard explained the nature of soil fertility in his famous book, "An Agricultural Testament" as a sub. The nature of soil fertility can be understood if one considers relative to all nature. To study the fertility of soil, we have to know the natural system of work and to adopt methods of investigation in strict relationship with such a subject. We need to examine soil fertility as we study a business where profit and losses must be taken, with the balance sheet, the Standing Committee of the concern, and management method. We must consider wood, not the individual tree. It is the fertility of soils. According to him, a fertile soil is one that has humus in abundance. If soil is poor in humus, the volume of the pore space is reduced, soil aeration is hindered, there is not enough organic matter to the soil population, soil machinary down, the contribution oxygen, water and dissolved salts needed by the root hairs is reduced, the synthesis of carbohydrates and protein in leaf green product at a lower pace of growth is affected.
The chemical agriculture, the impact study;
Then came the war and the war ended earlier than anticipated, resulting stockpiling of surplus war exploxive related materials, consisting primarily of nitrogen and phosphorus. a holistic approach to agriculture changed in the case of population growth and the evolution of matter and biological sciences. New seeds have been developed and implemented to improve food production has rapidly become very popular in countries like India, China, South Asian countries and Japan. war surplus chemicals were converted into compounds called artificial chemical fertilizers. The seeds, popularly called "green revolution seeds" or "miracle seeds" have been developed to consume these artificial chemical fertilizers with water and
produce more food. Thus, monoculture has emerged to the detriment of biodiversity and agricultural resources like water decreases.
Four decades after the Green Revolution in India, the situation is pathetic; soil in general has become deficient humus too hard and does not have pores for holding air and moisture. This soil is no longer harbors the beneficial microbes and pathogens, but the eggs of pests, which obliges us too.
Posted on June 8, 2010.